Lumbar Decompression Surgery
Overview
Lumbar decompression surgery is performed to relieve pressure on the spinal nerves in the lower back. This pressure is often caused by spinal stenosis, herniated discs, or bone overgrowth. The goal of decompression is to improve mobility, reduce leg pain, and restore quality of life. It is commonly recommended when conservative treatments no longer provide relief.
Indications
Lumbar decompression surgery may be appropriate for patients with:
- Lumbar spinal stenosis causing leg pain, numbness, or weakness
- Herniated discs compressing spinal nerves
- Degenerative spondylolisthesis with nerve impingement
- Sciatica that fails to respond to nonsurgical care
- Difficulty walking or standing due to nerve compression
Procedure
The surgery is typically performed under general anesthesia and may include one or more of the following techniques:
1. Laminectomy
- Removes part or all of the lamina (the back part of the vertebra)
- Widens the spinal canal and relieves pressure on nerves
2. Laminotomy or Foraminotomy
- Targeted removal of bone or tissue to relieve nerve compression at specific exit points
- Often performed minimally invasively
3. Discectomy
- Removal of part of a herniated disc that is pressing on a nerve root
- Often done in combination with a laminectomy
Risks & Considerations
As with all spine surgeries, lumbar decompression carries some risks:
- Infection or bleeding
- Nerve injury or spinal fluid leak
- Blood clots or anesthesia-related complications
- Incomplete symptom relief
- Potential need for future surgery if instability develops
Recovery & Outcomes
- Many patients return home the same day or after a short hospital stay
- Walking is encouraged soon after surgery to promote healing
- Return to light activities typically occurs in 2–4 weeks
- Full recovery may take 6–12 weeks depending on the extent of surgery
- Most patients experience significant reduction in leg pain and improved mobility
Is Lumbar Decompression Surgery Right for You?
If you are struggling with leg pain, weakness, or numbness due to nerve compression in your lower back, lumbar decompression may provide lasting relief. Our experienced spine team will evaluate your symptoms and imaging to determine the safest and most effective treatment plan.
